Reverse-bias IEC examination passed for the first time in published perovskite cells and also modules

• One of the key obstacles of perovskite photovoltaics (PV) is the long-lasting security. Although efforts have actually been made to enhance the life time of perovskite PV gadgets, their deterioration under applied adverse voltage (reverse-bias) has been barely resolved.

A study team from the Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems, NREL, Solaronix SA as well as the Materials Research Center of the University of Freiburg has actually now offered perovskite solar cells with carbon-based electrodes which show remarkable resilience against reverse-bias-induced deterioration. The primary degradation mechanisms are recognized to be the iodine loss and extreme home heating at voltages listed below -9 V. The modules efficiently endured the hotspot examination conditions specified in IEC 61215-2:2016 global criterion at an approved module screening research laboratory.

In previous studies, an adverse voltage related to standard perovskite solar cell heaps caused breakdown and irreparable destruction of the device. In this study, the worldwide study group determined two main degradation devices. The initial is iodine loss because of hole tunneling into perovskite, which happens even at reduced reverse-bias however breaks down the perovskite just after long time periods. An additional aspect is regional home heating at large reverse-bias bring about the development of PbI2, which starts at shunts and after that follows the course of the least resistance for the cell present, which is mainly influenced by the electrode sheet resistance.

Getting over these devices was enabled specifically by monolithic perovskite solar cells with very stable graphite electrodes created in the project by Fraunhofer ISE and Solaronix. Carbon-based electrodes are not prone to melting at high temperature, neither to migration of (steel) ions from the electrode into the perovskite absorber, neither to electrode oxidation, which makes them an optimal prospect for boosting the stability of perovskite solar cells.

This study provides for the first time published outcomes of perovskite solar cells and modules which pass the IEC 61215-2:2016"location" test requirements at a recognized "TestLab PV Modules" of Fraunhofer ISE." "Much has actually been attained in the last few years in regards to long-lasting stability of perovskites, however destruction under reverse stress and anxiety has actually been an unsolved trouble. We are extremely happy that we have actually had the ability to conquer this trouble", states Dmitry Bogachuk, Fraunhofer ISE. "Passing this test verifies the premium security of perovskite PV tools with carbon-based electrodes and highlights their huge industrialization capacity. This is a vital step for the commercialization of perovskite PV", adds David Martineau, Solaronix SA.

The findings have been released in the paper "Perovskite Photovoltaic Gadgets with Carbon-Based Electrodes Withstanding Reverse-Bias Voltages Approximately -9 V as well as Going Beyond IEC 61215:2016 International Criterion" in SolarRRL.