Scientists establish method to stabilize 3D/2D perovskites for far better solar cells

• Scientists at Huazhong University of Science and also Technology, Wuhan University of Technology as well as University of Toronto lately introduced a new strategy for producing more stable 3D/2D heterostructures, avoiding their destruction. Their approach is based on the intro of an added layer in between the structures; 3D as well as 2D perovskite layers.

2D as well as quasi-2D modified 3D perovskite heterostructures (i.e., frameworks included 3D as well as 2D perovskite products) have several helpful qualities, such as allowing the passivation of defects and also a positive band alignment, which enhance a perovskite solar cells' open-change voltage and fill factor. 3D/2D heterostructures are generally created by spin coating an organic cation salt remedy in addition to a 3D perovskite product and also forming a thin 2D perovskite layer on its surface area. This process, nevertheless, can assist in the subsequent degradation of the heterostructures in some conditions, due to the diffusion of ions between the 2D perovskite surface area as well as underlying bulk 3D perovskite.

" The ionic diffusion between the surface 2D as well as bulk 3D perovskites leads to the deterioration of the 3D/2D perovskite heterostructures and also limits the long-term security of PSCs", the researchers wrote in their paper. "We integrate a cross-linked polymer (CLP) on the top of a 3D perovskite layer and after that down payment a 2D perovskite layer by means of a vapor-assisted two-step process to form a 3D/CLP/2D perovskite heterostructure."

Essentially, the team proposed presenting an interlayer in between 3D bulk perovskites and 2D surface perovskites in 3D/2D heterostructures. This interlayer is made from a cross-linked polymer (CLP) that can inhibit ion diffusion without influencing the cost transportation in between the 3D as well as 2D perovskite layers.

" Photoluminescence spectra as well as thickness-profiled elemental analysis indicate that the CLP maintains the heterostructure by inhibiting the diffusion of cations (formamidinium, FA+ and 4-fluorophenylethylammonium, 4F-PEA+) in between the 2D and also 3D perovskites," the researchers described in their paper.

To evaluate the performance of their upgraded 3D/2D heterostructure style, the researchers utilized it to create a collection of small-area solar cells, as well as mini solar components. These cells as well as modules attained exceptional outcomes, as they appeared dramatically more stable than perovskite-based cells and modules with conventional 3D/2D heterostructure styles.

" For gadgets based upon carbon electrodes, we report small-area devices with a performance of 21.2% as well as mini-modules with an efficiency of 19.6%," the scientists wrote in their paper. "Gadget keep 90% of initial efficiency after 4,390 hours procedure under maximum power factor tracking as well as one-sun illumination at elevated temperature levels."

In the future, the new style could assist to maintain solar cells based on 3D/2D perovskite heterostructures, without influencing their efficiencies. In addition, the research study could influence various other groups to develop comparable techniques that introduce an interlayer in between 3D as well as 2D perovskite layers to stop destruction brought on by ionic diffusion.